Planoqbaph co



3-3, of Fig. 2; i

40 which the'rolls'are located.

JUDSON BUCHANAN, orcHATTANooGA, TENNESSEE.

"l 2 CANE-MILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patente'dJuI'y- S, 1919.

Application filed October 81, 1916. Serial No. 128,702..

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JY'UDSON BUCHANAN, a

citizen of the United, States, residing at Chattanooga, in the county of Hamilton and State of Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cane-Mills, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing. My improvement relates particularly to cane mills comprising a plurality of metal rolls between which the stalks of cane are passed under such compression as will expel the juices from the tissues of said stalks.

The object of this invention is to so modify said rolls as to produce moreefi'ective action between rollsin grasping the cane stalks and drawing them forward between the rolls.

This result is attained by modifying the contour of one ofsaid'rolls, as will be hereinafter described.

' In the accompanying drawings, V

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a. cane "mill embodying my improvement;

1 Fig. 2 is ajsectional elevation of said mill; Fig; 3 isa horizontal sectlon on thelme,

Fig. 4

is a sectionon the line, 44, of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5'is;a section on the line, .5'5, of

Fig. 6 is a view of one of the rolls detached from the mill, a portion of another roll being adjacent;

Fig. 7 is a section'on the line, 7 7, of Fig.6. I

Referring to said drawings, A'is a base plate; B is a top plate, and C, C, are side plates resting on the base plate and supportingthe top plate. Upright bolts, D, D, bind said plates together to form a frame within The base plate has a bearing, A and the top plate has a bearing, A Saidbe'armgs receivethe ends of the axle, E of the large or primary roll, E, which is located between theplateskA and B. The upper end of the axle, -E has a cross head, E which power is applied for rotating said axle'and the roll,E. In the baseplate, A, is another hearing, A, andin the top plate, B is another bearing, B Said bear ngs receive the j ournals,.F ,,'o.fYa smaller or secondary roll, F, whichis s'o located as to bear against the perimeter 'ofgtheprimaryjroll, E. In said bearingsfarepfollower blocks, F. and bolts, F; time Horizontally throngh the vans or said. bearings orward to move said followers formoving the roll,'F, toward the primary roll, E. In

said base plate is another bearing, A and in the top plate, B, is another bearlng, 13 lo cated above the bearing, Said bearings,

receive the journals, G of a secondary roll, G, whlch 1s so locatedasto bear against the perimeter of the primary roll, E. In said The mill as'thus far describedhashereto- 80 fore been known. But it'remains to describe the particular formofthe roll, G, and its relation to the other rolls and theoperation of the three rolls in consequence of-the articular form of the roll w K While the rolls, E and Rare. merely roughened with I a view to facilitating engagement with the, cane stalks, the roll, G, has relatively deep and wide transverse grooves, Gflbxtending aroundthe roll.

section of eachof saidgrooves? presents a curve formed on a center located-outside of the perimeter of the roll. lI'n practice, I

have formed this roll with a continuous fper- 9'5 imeter and with the same diameteras "the roll, F, and then cutthegroo'ves, .'G,=one

inch wide with un-cutifaces, G", one-half inch wide between them and between the upper and lower grooves ends of the roll; The surfac'e 'in each groove should be roughened; -I-'ha ve transversely channeled each groove, G tof form small ribs, g, similar "to screw threads on: a "small worm gear wheel "(see jFigs (Sand 7) This 105 construction of the roll, 'G,'ft hereby facili tates the feeding of the cane ,stalksi'into} the mill, and slippingand failure ofthe stalks to. promptly enterthe pass between this-roll and the roll, E, are overcome. Larg stalk 110 p as well as small ones are promgtlyand are; telly drawn into thapa'ssi and are adapteditiobeldi iven' it p i y r0 A In the form shown in thedrawings, the

and the adjacent ar of sizes which have hereto-fore made feeding difficult are easily drawn in. Furthermore, the crushing of the stalks taud the expressing of the juices are effectively done. In the pass between the roll, E, and the roll, Gr, the

stalks are broken and partially flattened and are prepared for finalcompression in the pass between the rolls, E and F, which have continuous surfaces adapted for such final compression.

It is tobebbse'rved that the grooves, G

"are not deep enough to allow the passing of a cane stalk without crushing. Every stalk will have its'walls broken, yet the pass is large enough at each groove to permit grasping of thestalk. In other words, the crosssectional area of thegrooves, Gt, must be less than the cross-sectional area of the cane stalk will extend upward over the adjacent face, G ,,and another portion extends clownward overthe adjacent face, G Thus the engagementbetween the rolls and the stalk is'still further extended. This last observation leads to the further fact, that if both rolls hadcontinuous faces,'t hey would present parallel lines between whichthecane stalks must pass. In so passing, each fllattened stalk would present a greater mass of material at"its"middle than at its edges. Hence the engagement'of the stalk would be much stronger, if not-exclusive, at its middle,f,the parts at each side of the middle being'only slightly or not at all engaged. other words,the engagement would be over a limited area. By the use of the groove, G the middle part of' the stalk is amply engaged and at'thev same time each edge of the flattened stalk is also vigorously V engaged. Thus there is a large area of engagement,

" Another characteristic ofmy improved m ll is derived from thegrooves, G. The xes of the rolls, F and G, may be spaced equidistant from the axis of the roll, E, and the gear wheel, F on the roll, F, and the gear wheel, G onjthe roll', G, may be of eq'ual size (and have equal, numbers of teeth, and yet the roll, F, will tend to pass thematerial' faster than the roll, Gr,- tends to pass .then aterial. In other words, in the second pass-the pass between ,the rolls, E agar, therefwill be drawing. This is a function which is desirable forthe sake of I avoiding clogging or chokingof the material between" the two passes.

. 4 This .clrawing,? although Ithe :tWo smaller rolls-pare equally" geared with the larger roll and equally spaced therefrom, is due to the presence of the grooves,;G in the roll, Gr, these grooves 'bringin the major portion of the engagement of the cane stalks in this pass nearer the axis of the roll, G, whereby the surface velocity at the dominating portions of said engagement is made less than such velocity in the second pass. Heretofore it has been sought by some manufacturers to difl'erentiate the gear velocity of the two smaller rolls of such mills in order to produce tinuous face andbeing set in oppositionto the secondary rolls to form two passes, and the secondary roll at the intakefside' of the mill having transverse grooves. separated fromeach other by relatively narrow spaces andhaving a depthless thantheir width and their Width being approximately equal to the diameter of vthe cane stalks which are to be crushed, substantially as described.

v.2. In, a cane ,mill, the combination. of

three rolls, one being a primary roll and the other twobeing secondary rolls, the primary roll having a longitudinally.continuous face and being set in opposition to the secondary rolls to form two passes, andthe secondary roll at thein-take sideof themill having transverse grooves and relativelynarrow un-cut faces betweensaid grooves, said grooves having a depth less than their width and their Width being. approximatelyequal to the diameter of the cane stalks which are to be cut, substantially .asdescribed. V 3. In a cane mill, the combination of three rolls, one being a primary roll and the other ,two being secondary rolls, the, primary roll having a longitudinally continuous face and being set in opposition to the secondary rolls to formtwo passes, and the secondary roll at the iii-take side of the mill having transverse grooves separated from each other by relatively narrow faces and having a depth -lessthan their width and their width being approximately equal to theodiameter of the cane stalks which are to be crushed, and the surfaces in said grooves being roughened," substantially as described. 7

4. In a cane mill, the combination of three rolls, one being a primary roll and the other two being secondary rolls, the primaryroll having a longitudinally continuous face and being set in opposition to thesecondary. rolls to form two passes,-and the secondary roll atthe in-take side of the mill having transverse grooves and relatively narrow uncut faces between said grooves,: and said grooves having a. depth less than. widthand lac their width being approximately equal to the diameter of the cane stalks which are to be crushed, and the surfaces in said grooves being roughened, substantially as described. 5. In a cane mill, the combination of three rolls, one being a primary roll and the other two being secondary rolls, the primary roll having a longitudinally continuous face and being set in opposition to the secondary rolls to form two passes, and the secondary roll at the in-take side of the mill having transverse grooves separated from each other by relatively narrow faces and having a depth less than their width and their width being approximately equal to the diameter of the cane stalks which are to be crushed, and the surfaces in the grooves being transversely ribbed, substantially as described.

6. In a cane mill, the combination of three copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the rolls, one being a primary roll and the other two being secondary rolls, the primary roll having a longitudinally continuous face and being set in opposition to the secondary roll at the in-take side of the mill having transverse grooves and relatively narrow un-cut faces between said grooves, said grooves having a depth less than their width and their width being approximately equal to the diameter of the cane stalks which are to be crushed, and the surfaces in the grooves being transversely ribbed, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name, in presence of twowitnesses, this 17th day of October, in the year one thousand nine hundred and sixteen.

JUDSON BUCHANAN.

"Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). O. 

